I-ASTM A213 T9 Alloy Steel Tubing

Amabhange ayi-Superheater, ama-reheater circuits, i-HRSG convection section kanye namakhoyili e-heater abhekene neshubhu-amazinga okushisa ensimbi nemithwalo ye-oxidation ezeqa{1}}ama-Cr alloys. I-ASTM A213 T9 iletha amandla ashisayo aphakeme nokuziphatha kwesikali esiqinile kunamabanga angu-1.25–2.25Cr ngaphandle kokuzwela kokwenziwa kwezinsimbi ze-9Cr–V-Nb, okukwenza kube ukukhetha okungokoqobo lapho amahora amade, ama-thermal gradients nobuqotho bekhoyili kubusa ubungozi.

I-ASTM A213/SA213 ichaza ingxubevange engenamthungo-yensimbiishubhuama-boilers nama-heat exchangers. Amaphrojekthi acacisa ububanzi obungaphandle, udonga oluncane kanye nobude bokusika ngokuqondile kudatha yedatha esikhundleni samashejuli amapayipi. Ukuqina nokuma kweqanda kuvame ukuqiniswa ukuze kube neshubhu-ukuze{3}}ukulingana kweshidi; iziphetho zinikezwa kalula noma{4}}ezisikwe ukuze zishiselwe, nama-bevel kuphela lapho ukushisela kwezinqe kuhlelwa khona.

Ithebula 1 - A213 T9 ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali (wt.%)

Ithebula 2 - Ubuncane bezakhiwo zokuhlolwa

Idizayini isebenzisa izingcindezi ezivumelekile ezingeni lokushisa lokusebenza kusuka kukhodi ebusayo.

Ukusebenza kulawulwa yi-izinga lokushisa lensimbi, imvamisa yokuqala-yokumisa kanye namadiphozithi angaphezuluukwenza ndawonye. Nge-~9% Cr, i-oxidation ivame ukulandela aumthetho we-parabolic(i-oxide-ubukhulu² ≈ k·time); izinga le-parabolic liphansi kakhulu kunama-Cr steels-aphansi, akhawulela ukushuba kwesikali kanye nemicimbi yokusabalalisa. I-Mo iqinisa ama-carbides, ibambezela{3}}ukushelela komngcele kanye nokukhula komgodi ukuze ukonakala kodonga kusuka{4}}kuhambe kancane.

Kuizigaba ezishisayo, ezomilenjengamasekhethi ashisayo-amasekhethi okushisa kabusha namabhange okushintsha ihitha, i-T9 ilondoloza ukuzungeza nokuqina kodonga kangcono kunezinketho ezingu-1.25–2.25Cr, inciphisa imvamisa ye-retube kanye nokungcoliswa komfula okubangelwa isikali seshede. Emsebenzini wakwa-HRSG ohamba ngamabhayisikili njalo, izinto ezishintshayo ezishisayo ziphakamisa ukucindezelwa kwe-oxide futhi zikhuphule ukusakazeka/"ukuphinde{5}}kwe-oxidation"; ukulinganisa irempu, ukwenza ngcono ukufutha kwensizi{6}, nokulandelelaishubhu-izinga lokushisa lensimbi (TMT)izindawo ezishisayo zinciphisa ingozi. Amakhemikhali ediphozithi abalulekile: i-alkali-ecebile noma isulfure{2}}ephethe umlotha ingashintsha i-oxide futhi isheshise ukuhlasela kwasendaweni, ngakho ukuhlaziywa kukaphethiloli/umlotha okuhlanganiswe nokuhlolwa kwe-borescope kusetshenziselwa ukuhlela ukuhlanza nokuhlola izikhawu.

Ngokuhamba kancane, inzuzo ye-T9 ihlezi ku-indawo-yempilo ende: inhlawulo, eqhubekayo{0}}inethiwekhi ye-carbide ewumngcele kusuka ekushiseni okufanele ithuthukisa isikhathi sokuphuka futhi igcina ukuguga okufanayo. Ukushisisa ngokweqile noma okungalungile{2}}okulawulwa kabusha kokushisisa kuqinisa okusanhlamvu futhi kwenza i-spheroidizes carbides, ikhiqize amaqhuqhuva, i-ovality noma ukuvuza. Empeleni, ezihamba phambiliukushuba kwe-oxide/ukuzuza isisindokanye nomlando we-TMT unikeza isisekelo sobufakazi bokuhlelwa kokuhlolwa.

Ithebula 3 - Isiginali yenkundla vs. impendulo yobunjiniyela

Ithebula 4 - Imvilophu yobukhulu obujwayelekile

Isimo sobuso ngokuvamile sinquma impilo yonke emsebenzini oshisayo. Iluphu yokulawula esebenzayo ithi:de-isikali → hlanza → yomile → ikepisi →goqa → qinisekisa. Ngemuva kokwenza, susa i-tint yokushisa nesikali esisele ku-ID/OD; shayela ngemidiya ehlanzekile, bese usula i-ID kuthagethi ebhaliwe (isb, iphoyinti lamazolo ngezansi kwendawo ezungezile ngomugqa ochaziwe). Fitama-caps aqinilefuthi usebenzise ukugoqa okuyisivikelo okumelana nothuli nomswakama; gcina izinyanda phansi ngokukhipha amanzi kanye nokuvikelwa kwe-UV.

Ukwamukela kungokwe-ITP ukuze i-QA ikwazi ukusayina ngaphandle kwenkulumo-mpikiswano. Chaza ukuthi "ukuhlanza" kusho ukuthini (isigaba sokubukwayo, imikhawulo ye-chloride/uwoyela uma ikhona), ukuthi ukoma kuhlolwa kanjani, nokuthi yikuphi ukupakishwa okudingekayo esimweni sezulu sokugcina. Gcina ikhabhoni-ithuluzi lensimbi likude namashubhu e-T9 ukuze uvimbele{4}}ukushumeka kwensimbi mahhala; lapho izitolo ezixubile zingenakugwemeka, yenza okuthunyelwe{5}}kuhlanzeukuhlolwa kwe-ferroxylkumasampuli. Ngaphambi kokukhishwa, rekhoda izithombe futhi uhlanganise ilogu yokulondoloza nge-ID yenqwaba ukuze abasebenzi bokufaka bazi ukuthi ulayini awungcoliswanga kusitoreji.

Okwamaphrojekthi agxile ku-ASTM A213 T9,Ipayipi le-Octalinikeza amashubhu angenamthungo, iqondanisa izinqubo kanye nemibhalo ne-ITP yephrojekthi, futhi ingahlela ukufakaza okuzimele (isb, i-BV, i-SGS) lapho kudingeka.

Q1: Isetshenziselwa ini ishubhu ye-ASTM A213 T9 (ASME SA213 T9)?
A1:I-Seamless 9Cr-1Mo ferritic alloy tubing yamabhayela, ama-superheaters, nezishintshi zokushisa{3}ezisezingeni eliphezulu, isevisi enengcindezi ephezulu.

Q2: Ingabe i-A213 T9 ilingana ne-A335 P9?
A2:Ngokuvamile zibhekwa njengezilingana ne-chemistry/UNS (T9=i-tubing spec, P9=i-pipe spec), kodwa kufanele ufane nezinga elidingekayo lephrojekthi kanye nobubanzi bokuhlola.

Q3: Yini okufanele ngiyicele ukuze ngiqinisekise ikhwalithi yeshubhu ye-ASTM A213 T9 ngaphambi kokuthenga?
A3:3.1 MTC enenombolo yokushisa + isimo sokwelashwa kokushisa, imiphumela yamakhemikhali/emishini, i-hydrotest noma i-NDE (njengoba kucacisiwe), ukuhlola kobukhulu, nokumaka okugcwele/ukulandeleka.

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